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View Full Version : Discus keeping revisited - and some questions


markwill
July 6th 05, 04:05 AM
As a teenager in the 70's (go on, work it out :-)) I loved keeping discus (at the time my tank was on top of the cupboard in my bedroom!). When I went to university a few years later that hobby went away (soccer, girls and even the occasional study took over!!). I had another stint with discus keeping in the early 90's before my wife and I relocated to the US (we are displaced Brits). I enjoyed my discus back then and had them breeding, albeit without getting to the stage where I actually saw fry (we moved to the States as I was investigating the cause of the eggs frosting over). Anyway, to cut a long story short I am interested all over again, this time with two girls (aged 8 and 10) who have an interest. Through the generations...

I bought a nice Oceanic 72 gallon bow front aquarium over the weekend. I am very happy with the look of this thing in my living room - it's very functional as both a fish tank and a focal point for the room.

My PRIMARY goal is to build a really attractive discus tank with stellar discus. It would be cool to one day see them breed - but that is a secondary priority to the overall desire to see healthy, beautiful discus happily swimming around in my living room setting. So, I am not interested in an empty aquarium (no substrate, plants, etc) - the look is very important. That said, I have found artificial plants to be perfectly acceptable and have installed a bunch this evening. A relatively low maintenence schedule is also a goal, within reason of course, hence the preference for artificial plants.

I installed a Fluval 404 filter with the provided media - sponge for mechanical, carbon for chemical and those bio-cylinder things (can’t remember the precise name) for biological. I have two heaters, heating to 82 degrees. After a day or so of running the filter (filled directly from the tap, with an addition of a ph 6.5 powder and Cycle) I purchased a few fish to get the cycle under way (4 serpae tetra and 4 silver-tipped tetra). At this point, I have a ph of 6.5 and ammonium, nitrite and nitrate readings of zero (after two days with the fish). The new additions are eating and swimming around very happily. Here are my questions...

Am I correct in saying that I should expect an increase in ammonia FIRST, then nitrites and then nitrates?

I know ammonia and nitrites should be kept to a minimum in an established tank (readings of zero?). What about nitrates? What's a "good" reading?

When should I expect to see the cycle get under way in earnest, given the size of my tank and the initially small number of fish.

How do I know when the cycle is ‘done’ (ready to add discus)?

Once ready, how many discus would you suggest I initially add? I have seen widely varying suggestions and want to shoot for at least 4 full grown discus (I will buy them smaller). Feasible? What about more (8 would be nice)?

I am, of course, very eager to pick up my first few discus, as are my kids! But I also want to do this right! I’d very much appreciate any comments on the questions above.

Thanks in advance.

Mark

NetMax
July 6th 05, 06:02 PM
"markwill" > wrote in message
...
>
> As a teenager in the 70's (go on, work it out :-)) I loved keeping
> discus (at the time my tank was on top of the cupboard in my bedroom!).
> When I went to university a few years later that hobby went away
> (soccer, girls and even the occasional study took over!!). I had
> another stint with discus keeping in the early 90's before my wife and
> I relocated to the US (we are displaced Brits). I enjoyed my discus
> back then and had them breeding, albeit without getting to the stage
> where I actually saw fry (we moved to the States as I was investigating
> the cause of the eggs frosting over). Anyway, to cut a long story short
> I am interested all over again, this time with two girls (aged 8 and
> 10) who have an interest. Through the generations...
>
> I bought a nice Oceanic 72 gallon bow front aquarium over the weekend.
> I am very happy with the look of this thing in my living room - it's
> very functional as both a fish tank and a focal point for the room.
>
> My PRIMARY goal is to build a really attractive discus tank with
> stellar discus. It would be cool to one day see them breed - but that
> is a secondary priority to the overall desire to see healthy, beautiful
> discus happily swimming around in my living room setting. So, I am not
> interested in an empty aquarium (no substrate, plants, etc) - the look
> is very important. That said, I have found artificial plants to be
> perfectly acceptable and have installed a bunch this evening. A
> relatively low maintenence schedule is also a goal, within reason of
> course, hence the preference for artificial plants.
>
> I installed a Fluval 404 filter with the provided media - sponge for
> mechanical, carbon for chemical and those bio-cylinder things (can't
> remember the precise name) for biological. I have two heaters, heating
> to 82 degrees. After a day or so of running the filter (filled directly
> from the tap, with an addition of a ph 6.5 powder and Cycle) I purchased
> a few fish to get the cycle under way (4 serpae tetra and 4
> silver-tipped tetra). At this point, I have a ph of 6.5 and ammonium,
> nitrite and nitrate readings of zero (after two days with the fish).
> The new additions are eating and swimming around very happily. Here are
> my questions...

There is a general consensus that pH altering chemicals are more trouble
than benefit, and the formula for Cycle (as it was released) was not as
effective as other bacteria starters.

> Am I correct in saying that I should expect an increase in ammonia
> FIRST, then nitrites and then nitrates?

Technically yes, though how discernable the measurements will be, may vary
as you have a relatively small fish load (8 tetras in a 72g).

> I know ammonia and nitrites should be kept to a minimum in an
> established tank (readings of zero?). What about nitrates? What's a
> "good" reading?

ammonia and nitrites: zero
nitrates: 10-20ppm would not be a problem, though there are other organic
compounds building up which can be problematic if you skimp on water changes
in a non-planted tank (plants do a lot of chemical filtering).

> When should I expect to see the cycle get under way in earnest, given
> the size of my tank and the initially small number of fish.

I see that you have already appreciated the effect ;~). I would guess 2
weeks.

> How do I know when the cycle is 'done' (ready to add discus)?

The cycle is complete when there are no ammonia or nitrite levels. This
will probably take between 6 and 10 weeks in your set-up, but this is just a
guess as it varies, especially as your pH is forced so low (into bacteria
unfriendly acidic conditions).

> Once ready, how many discus would you suggest I initially add? I have
> seen widely varying suggestions and want to shoot for at least 4 full
> grown discus (I will buy them smaller). Feasible? What about more (8
> would be nice)?

It can depend by looking at this behaviourally or by water volume. They are
cichlids which will establish a pecking order, and they are somewhat
territorial. Personally, I would purchase 7 with the expectation that 6
survive to young adults and 5 survive to full grown. I've never not gotten
a breeding pair out of 5 cichlids (though statistically, to be almost 100%
sure, the correct number is 8 to juvenile stage).
--
www.NetMax.tk ... another teenager of the 70s ;~)

> I am, of course, very eager to pick up my first few discus, as are my
> kids! But I also want to do this right! I'd very much appreciate any
> comments on the questions above.
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> Mark
>
>
> --
> markwill

markwill
July 11th 05, 04:21 AM
Thank you for the response, netmax. Very helpful. As is your website, now in my Favorites folder :-)

Thanks again.

Mark